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<div class="moz-cite-prefix">Thank you Kathy,<br>
<br>
I'm with you.<br>
<br>
Lou<br>
<br>
On 2/10/2013 1:17 PM, Kathy Kleiman wrote:<br>
</div>
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<div class="moz-cite-prefix">Hi Edward and All,<br>
I've been meaning to write for some time about Closed Generics.
Since 1996, I've been fighting the abuse of generic words. The
first huge domain name dispute battles took place over generic
words - that trademark owners felt they could use their
trademarks (which is, of course, a limited right to use a term
for a specific category of goods and services) to stop ordinary
people, organizations and entrepreneurs from using ordinary
words in ordinary ways. We led a huge fight with Network
Solutions, and then at the dawn of ICANN, to draft Domain Name
Dispute Rules that protected generic words used in generic ways
as part of the public domain -- as belonging to us all!<br>
<br>
So when I see so many applicants for "Closed Generic" New gTLDs
-- using a generic word in a generic way and completely
monopolizing it by *not* allowing your competitors to use it
too, I am shocked: .APP, .BOOK, .CLOUD, .DRIVE, .MAP, .MOVIE,
.NEWS, .SEARCH, .SHOP. .STORE, .BLOG, .ANTIVIRUS, .INSURANCE,
.HAIR, .MAKEUP, .BABY -- These are generic words being used in
generic ways (according to their applications) for the sole
purpose of monopolizing the common term of an industry or
business -- and keeping its competitors out. <br>
<br>
There is no way that L'Oréal could get trademarks on .SKIN,
.SALON, .MAKEUP and .HAIR, as these words are part of the public
domain name and available to All their competitors to use --
their trademarks are on MAYBELLINE, REDKIN, L'Oréal, and the
share the generics as common descriptive terms. So it is against
every public interest bone in my body to allow generic words
used in generic ways to be monopolized by only one business or
industry player. <br>
<br>
But is it against the rules? I went back to my work as Director
of Policy for .ORG, as I was with .ORG through the end of the
Applicant Guidebook work. <span style="line-height: 115%;
font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif";">I
served on the Vertical Integration Working Group in a very
active way, as well as the Registries group that reviewed
every line of the "Base Registry Agreement" (the model
contract for all new gTLDs). We had agreed that, in general,
the base model of a Registry is "open" -- that Registries must
work with ICANN-Accredited Registrars worldwide. Why? To
reach Registrants worldwide -- to offer them domain names in
their own languages, currencies and customs. <i>(For
example, NII Quaynor, a founder of NCUC and early Board
member, is now one of the few Registrars in Africa, and
equal access of his Registrants to domain names, on a
nondiscriminatory basis, has always been important to our
system). </i></span> <br>
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So no, I found that we had NOT agreed to Closed Generics. In
fact, the base model of the New gTLD Registries was meant to be
"open" -- and ICANN incorporated this "Open gTLD" model into its
Base Registry Agreement (in the Applicant Guidebook). Section
2.9a and the Registry Code of Conduct. No Registry may favor a
particular Registrar -- but provide Equal Access to its Registry
Services and Data. Why? To be fair to Registrants! It's
nowhere written that Verisign can't limit .COM domain names only
to the NY Stock Exchange companies, or that .ORG can't limit
.ORG registrations to only US organizations, but everyone knows
if they did that, they would lose their accreditation with
ICANN. <i>Non-discrimination and Equal Access are part of our
domain name DNA. </i>(See "Base Agreement &
Specifications", Specification 9, <a moz-do-not-send="true"
class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://newgtlds.icann.org/en/applicants/agb">http://newgtlds.icann.org/en/applicants/agb</a>).
<br>
<br>
The initial Registry Code of Conduct had <u>no</u> exceptions.
Then the Commercial Guys got upset-- why should a Dot-Brand TLD,
e.g. .IBM, have to go through registrars to register domain
names, and why should they have to register names to the public
anyway? (Arguments also made in the Vertical Integration WG.)
Special privileges for very limited use New TLDs - let IBM keep
its domain names for its employees, franchisees, etc. And
frankly, most of us agreed. So the next version of the Registry
Code of Conduct came out with a narrow exception:<br>
<br>
==> "6. Registry Operator may request an exemption to
this Code of Conduct, and such exemption may be
granted by ICANN in ICANN’s reasonable discretion, if Registry
Operator demonstrates to ICANN’s reasonable satisfaction that
(i) all domain name registrations in the TLD are registered to,
and maintained by, Registry Operator for its own exclusive use,
(ii) Registry Operator does not sell, distribute or transfer
control or use of any registrations in the TLD to any third
party that is not an Affiliate of Registry Operator, and (iii)
application of this Code of Conduct to the TLD is not necessary
to protect the public interest." <br>
<br>
It had a comment that made its intent very clear:<br>
===> [*Note: This draft Section 6 of the Registry
Operator Code of Conduct has been added in response to comments
received that suggested that the Code was not necessary for
registries in which a single registrant uses the TLD solely for
its own operations and does not sell registrations to third
parties (e.g. a dot-BRAND)]
(<a moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://archive.icann.org/en/topics/new-gtlds/draft-agreement-specs-redline-15apr11-en.pdf">http://archive.icann.org/en/topics/new-gtlds/draft-agreement-specs-redline-15apr11-en.pdf</a><small>)<br>
</small><br>
And that's where we left it. Of course, some people in the
Vertical Integration WG wanted much more, and some of them are
on this list. And some wanted much less- that all gTLDs be open.
The compromise was to allow dot-BRANDs to be closed, but
certainly not any string any applicant wanted for any reasons.
Generic words used in generic ways belong to everyone in the
industry or business :-). <small><br>
<br>
</small>I look forward to our discussion, and happy to provide
links letters and public comment forums.<br>
<small><br>
</small>All the best,<br>
Kathy<br>
p.s. Quick additional note on "restricted TLDs." In case anyone
is wondering, "restricted TLDs" are generally OK among those
deeply concerned about Closed Generics because restricting .BANK
to real banks or .LAWYER to lawyers with actual credentials
seems consistent with non-discrimination and equal access
provisions -- provided the criteria and fairly and globally
applied... <br>
<br>
<br>
Edward Morris wrote:<br>
<br>
<br>
:<br>
</div>
<blockquote
cite="mid:CALMg_ZS9mQpnnjy141+LKfvWHwA4tTCE5SQ9Ktz0wm4mbnrqoQ@mail.gmail.com"
type="cite">Kathy,
<div><br>
</div>
<div>I am sympathetic to your position. My concern is that any
change now to the program will embroil ICANN in mass
litigation that will paralyze the organization for a
considerable period going forward. We briefly spoke in Los
Angeles about some recent legal hires by Amazon: some pretty
impressive hires. Can you convince me that my concerns are
invalid? Might not a better approach at this point be to
pressure the applicants themselves to open up the generic
domains, to make it socially unacceptable for large companies
to operate closed Tlds?</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Ed</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div><br>
<br>
<div class="gmail_quote">On Wed, Feb 6, 2013 at 8:26 PM, Kathy
Kleiman <span dir="ltr"><<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:kathy@kathykleiman.com" target="_blank">kathy@kathykleiman.com</a>></span>
wrote:<br>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0
.8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
<div text="#000000" bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
<div>Quote from Jeff Neuman (VP Neustar) in Amsterdam
last week:<br>
<i><b>Nearly all of those applying for Closed gTLDs
would fail to qualify based on his reading of the
Code of Conduct. </b></i><i><b><br>
</b></i><br>
Article show concern around the world for TLDs which
are generic strings/words of an entire industry or
business (DOCS, BOOK, SEARCH, ANTIVIRUS, WATCHES)
being dominated and controlled by a single
industry/business (and only one of many competitors).
that's being a registry to monoplize a word, not to
offer registry services.<br>
<br>
- The Hindu: Beauty lies in the ‘domain’ of the
highest bidder (Op-ed piece by Parminder Jeet Singh,
Executive Director, IT for Change, in special
consultative status with the United Nations Economic
and Social Council (IGF attendee)), 12/24/2012, <a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/beauty-lies-in-the-domain-of-the-highest-bidder/article3929612.ece"
target="_blank">http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/beauty-lies-in-the-domain-of-the-highest-bidder/article3929612.ece</a>
<br>
<br>
- Forbes: The Battle For The Cloud: Amazon Proposes
'Closed' Top-Level .CLOUD Domain, 11/6/2012, <a
moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.forbes.com/sites/reuvencohen/2012/11/06/the-battle-for-the-cloud-amazon-proposes-closed-top-level-cloud-domain/?partner=yahootix"
target="_blank">http://www.forbes.com/sites/reuvencohen/2012/11/06/the-battle-for-the-cloud-amazon-proposes-closed-top-level-cloud-domain/?partner=yahootix</a>
<br>
<br>
- Techworld: Problems arise where one entity is
seeking exclusive use of strings with broad
applicability, 11/21/2012, <a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://news.techworld.com/networking/3412616/icann-issues-early-warnings-over-controversial-top-level-domains/"
target="_blank">http://news.techworld.com/networking/3412616/icann-issues-early-warnings-over-controversial-top-level-domains/</a><br>
<br>
I am deeply, deeply concerned! <br>
Best,<br>
Kathy<br>
<br>
<br>
</div>
<blockquote type="cite">
<pre>A quote from Karen Lentz (ICANN legal staff): "Under the current rules, there's nothing that would prevent the use of closed generics, which is focused on the issue of who can register a name."
</pre>
<blockquote type="cite">
<pre>-----Original Message-----
From: NCSG-Discuss [<a moz-do-not-send="true" href="mailto:NCSG-DISCUSS@LISTSERV.SYR.EDU" target="_blank">mailto:NCSG-DISCUSS@LISTSERV.SYR.EDU</a>] On Behalf
Of William Drake
Sent: Tuesday, February 05, 2013 1:18 PM
To: <a moz-do-not-send="true" href="mailto:NCSG-DISCUSS@LISTSERV.SYR.EDU" target="_blank">NCSG-DISCUSS@LISTSERV.SYR.EDU</a>
Subject: [NCSG-Discuss] new-gtld-committee-not-sure-how-to-handle-
closed-generic-applications
surprise!
<a moz-do-not-send="true" href="http://www.thedomains.com/2013/02/05/icann-new-gtld-committee-not" target="_blank">http://www.thedomains.com/2013/02/05/icann-new-gtld-committee-not</a>-
sure-how-to-handle-closed-generic-applications/
</pre>
</blockquote>
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